![]() Agriculture thus consumes about 85% of the total fresh water used worldwide. Irrigation and fertilizer application overcome this effect, if adequately used. Generally, irrigation after 75% of soil water depletion and utilization of nitroxin is suggested for the best quantity and also quality root production in the studied region.Īmong the environmental factors that can be modified by farmers, water and nitrogen are the main ones controlling plant growth. The highest phenolic compound yield was obtained from the application of nitroxin in irrigation after 75% of soil water depletion. Root phenolic compounds were raised by increasing irrigation intervals, and N consumption decreased them at each irrigation regime. The highest root yield was achieved from nitroxin+40 kg N ha-1. Irrigation after 75% of soil water depletion decreased potassium content and root yield. The highest root nitrate accumulation was obtained by the application of 80 kg N ha-1 in all irrigation treatments. Nitrogen application increased potassium content and root yield and also phosphorus content in all irrigation levels. Irrigation after 25%, 50% and 75% of soil water depletion, as the main factor and 0 kg N ha-1 (control), nitroxin (containing Azotobacter and Azospirillium bacteria), 40 kg N ha-1, a combination of nitroxin and 40 kg N ha-1 and 80 kg N ha-1 were considered as the sub-factor and arranged as a split plot in the randomized complete block design with three replications. This experiment was conducted in Lordegan, Iran, from 2014 to 2016, to investigate the effect of N and nitroxin on the content of phosphorus, potassium and nitrate, yield, content and yield of phenol compound of purple coneflower root under three irrigation regimes. Thomas G. Fessenden, The New American Gardener (Boston: Russell, Odiorne & Co., 1835), 126.Purple coneflower (Echinaceae purpurea (L.) Munch) root is a rich source of phenolic components used in pharmaceutical industries and the content of phenolic components depends on many factors such as drought stress and nitrogen (N) nutrition. See Joan Parry Dutton, Plants of Colonial Williamsburg (Williamsburg: Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, 1979), 98. Joan Dutton states that the plant was in France via Canada by the early 1600s. Griffith, Flowers and Herbs of Early America (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2008), 180. Thomas Jefferson Center for Historic Plants." Echinacea purpurea (Eastern purple coneflower)." Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center Plant Database. ![]() Restoring American Gardens: An Encyclopedia of Heirloom Ornamental Plants, 1640-1940. Planting Conditions: Full and Partial Shade Further Sources Visit Monticello’s Online Shop to check for seeds or plants of Purple Coneflower. Known as Echinacea by most people, the purple coneflower is said to have medicinal purposes, such as alleviating symptoms of the common cold. 2 In the 19th century, Thomas Fessenden, an important American garden writer, commented on coneflowers: "many flowers," "very durable," "much admired." 3 1 John Clayton collected this plant from Virginia and sent it to Europe in the 1700s. It was first exported to Europe in 1699 by John Banister, an English chaplain sent to Virginia by Bishop Compton in 1678. Purple Coneflower is native to the central and southeastern United States and is valued for its showy pink, daisy-like flowers and its drought tolerance.
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